How the dog-age model works
The epigenetic line uses Wang et al. (Cell Systems, 2020):
human_age = 16 × ln(dog_age) + 31
with dog age in years and natural log. That fit came primarily from Labrador retriever methylation data;
we surface it as an estimate, not a breed-universal constant. Parallel to that, the size-chart path looks up
human-equivalent years on the AAHA physiological-age poster (adapted from Eldredge et al.,
Dog Owner’s Home Veterinary Handbook). Poster weight bands are small ≤20 lb, medium 21–50 lb,
large 51–90 lb, and giant >90 lb. Years 1–2 are 15 then 24 human-equivalent across sizes; from year 3
the poster diverges by band.
What the output range means
You should expect two numbers that often disagree. Wang’s curve is continuous and methylation-based; the poster is a discrete veterinary-handbook table by size. Neither is a clinical diagnosis. The 7× myth line is shown only so you can see how far folklore sits from both published methods.
Limits (read before sharing the result)
- Wang’s training skew toward Labradors — other breeds may age differently.
- Ages under ~0.1 year are early-life estimates; zero age is refused.
- Ages above 30 years return an error rather than an invented extrapolation.
- Size class is adult expected weight, not current puppy weight.
- AAHA’s 2019 Canine Life Stage Guidelines prefer life stages over human-year conversion for care planning.
When to consult a veterinarian
Talk to a vet for vaccination schedules, senior screening, pain, weight loss, or breed-specific disease risk. This page does not replace a physical exam. If your dog is ill, underweight, or a giant breed with known orthopedic risk, use clinical judgment — not a human-year conversion — to decide next steps.
Dog age FAQ
- Is one dog year equal to seven human years?
- No. The 7× rule is folklore. Wang et al. (2020) use a logarithmic epigenetic mapping instead.
- Where do the size-chart ages come from?
- AAHA physiological-age poster values adapted from Eldredge et al.’s veterinary handbook appendix.
- Why two human-year estimates?
- Epigenetic (Wang) and size-chart (AAHA poster) answer different questions; disagreement is expected and disclosed.
- When should I ignore this and call a vet?
- For care decisions, prefer AAHA life stages and a clinical exam — especially for sick, underweight, or giant-breed dogs.